紫罗兰youmingcaoguihua,huaduomaosheng,huasexianyan,xiangqinongyu,shushizihuake,duonianshengcaoben,shiyiyubuzhihuatan、taijie、huajing,zhengzhuhuaduokezuoweihuashu。changzuoernianshengzaipei,yibanzaitounianqiujibozhong,yinianchunjikaihua。cihuazhugao30-50limi,jingzhili,duofenzhi,jibushaomuzhihua。yemiankuanda,zhangtuoyuanxinghuodaopizhenxing,xianduanyuandun。zongzhuanghuaxudingshengheyesheng,huagengcuzhuang,huayouzihong、danhong、danhuang、baidengyanse,danbanhuanengjiezi,zhongbanhuabujiezi,guoshiweizhangjiaoguoyuanzhuxing,zhongziyouchi。huaqi3-5yue,guoshuqi6-7yue。
紫罗兰图片
紫罗兰原产欧洲南部,目前我国南部地区广泛栽培。此花性喜冷凉,耐寒不耐阴,怕渍水,适生于位置较高,接触阳光,通风、排水良好的环境中。切忌闷热,在梅雨天气炎热而通风不良时则易受病虫危害。
繁殖方法:
播种繁殖。播种时间一般在8月中旬至10月上旬,也可根据用花时间进行调整,在温室内2月播种,则5月开花;3月播种,6月开花,依次类推,但7月播种,要等到第二年的2月至3月才能在温室内开花。种子不宜过密,否则小苗易忠猝倒病。若作为二年生栽培,可于9月进行盆播。采种宜选单瓣花者为母本,因其重瓣花缺少雌蕊,不能结籽,从盆栽母本中采种者,其第二代得瓣率较多。播种适温16℃至18℃,播种时要将盆土浇足水,播后不宜直接浇水,若土壤变干发白,可用喷壶喷洒或采用“盆浸法”来保持土壤湿润。一般播后约2周即可发芽。注意秋播的时间不能太晚,否则将影响植株的生长、越冬、开花的数量及质量。若作为一年生栽培,在夏季比较凉爽的地区,一年四季均可进行播种。就我国大部分地区而言,多作为二年生栽培。
栽培管理:
喜冷凉的气候,忌燥热。喜通风良好的环境,冬季喜温和气候,但也能耐短暂的-5℃的低温。花芽分化的适宜温度为15℃,对土壤要求不严,但在排水良好、中性偏碱的土壤中生长较好,忌酸性土壤。
ziluolanweizhigenxingzhiwu,bunaiyizhi,yinciweibaozhengchenghuo,yizhishiyaoduodaisutu,bukesantuo,jinliangbuyaoshanggen。yidanshanggenzebuyilanhuifu。zaizhenyezhanyeqianxufenmiaoyizhi,yibanxiaomiaojingguoyicifenmiaohou,jiukedingzhi。bukezaipeiguomi,fouzetongfengbuliang,yishoubingchonghai。zaipeiqijianyaozhuyishifei,shifeiyicibuyaotaiduo,yaobofeiqinshi,fouzeyizaochengzhizhudetuzhang,qieyingxiangkaihua。ziluolandeyepianzhihou,duiganhanyouyidingdedikangli,yinerlinshuibuyiguoduo,turangbaochishirunjike,shuifenguoduohuilangen。ruoshizuoweihuatanbuzhi,chunjiyingshidangkongzhishuifen,bingjinxingzhonggengbaoshang,yibianzhizhudiaijinmi,qudegenghaodeguanshangxiaoguo。ruozuoweiqiehuazaipei,jiuyingbaozhengshuifendegongying,yicushihuajianshenzhang。ruohuahoujishijianquhuazhi,shiyizhuifei,jiaqiangguanli,kezaicimengfacezhi,zaicikaihua。xiajigaowen、gaoshiyaozhuyibingchonghaidefangzhi。ruyanghudedang,4yuezhongxunjikekaihua。kaihuahouxujianhuazhi,bingshi1-2cizhuifei,zheiyangnengzaichouzhi,dao6-7yuekedi2cikaihua。caizhongyingxuanzelianghaodemuzhuziluolanliuzhongzhizhuyaoyuanliqitashizihuakedezhonglei,yifangzhizhongjianzajiao。
紫罗兰规模化种植