lechanghanxiao（micheliachapensisdandy）shimulankehanxiaoshudechanglvqiaomu，shugantongzhi，shuxingyoumei，zhiyefanmao，yesenonglv，shengzhangxunsu，duiturangdeshiyingxingqiang，shiyuanlinlvhuadeyouliangshuzhong，jinnianlaizaizhangjiangyinandiqudechengshilvhuaheshengtailinjianshezhongbeidalituiguang。youyuyiqianlechanghanxiaomiaomupeiyuliangshao，tebieshixiongjing5cmyishangdedamiaojihuduandang，shiqijiagebuduanzougao，congeryinfalelechanghanxiaomiaomuzaipeire。ranerxuduozhongzhizheduilechanghanxiaodeshengtaitexingjibozhongyumiaojishuquefabiyaodezhishi，zaishengchanzhongyudaolexuduowentihekunnan。zuozhezaiduilechanghanxiaoyanjiuheshengchandejichushang，zongjieleqiyumiaojishu，yibianweishengchanshijiantigongjishuzhidao。
一、乐昌含笑的播种技术
1.zhongzidezhunbei
lechanghanxiaokaihuaqiwei4yue，guoshuqicong9yuexiaxunzhi10yueshangxun，juheguochengzihongse，zhangyue10cm，zhongziluanxinghuozhangtuoyuanzhuangluanxing，waizhongpihongse。caizhongyixuanze20－40nianshengdejianzhuangmushu，caixiadejuheguotanzaiyinliangtongfengdeshineihoushu，daiguoqiaozirankailiehouquchuzhongzi；huobacaixiadeguoshifangzaishiwaitanshaishutianzaiyifangshinei，kailiehouquchuzhongzi。dangzhongziwaidehongsejiazhongpiruanhuahou，fangzaiqingshuizhongcaxiganjing，fangzaishineitanfangshutianhouyongshishazhuzang。rufaxianyoumeilanbianzhizhongzi，yinglijifanshaxiaodu，jianquhuaizhongzi。lechanghanxiaozhongzideqianlizhongyue104－121g。
2．bozhongtudidezhunbei
youtiaojiandekezaishineimiaochuangshangbozhong，yekezaishiwaipaiguantiaojianjiaohaodemiaopudibozhong，yishenhou、feiwodeshazhirangtuweihao。bozhongqianyingjinxingxizhizhengdi，shusongbiaotu、qingchuzacao，pingzhengtudi。tongshikejiaruchixiaoxingyoujifeiliaoruduifei、jiufei、lvfeidengzuojifei，yekejiarushaoliangdanfeihebufenlin、jiafei，yigailiangturang，baozhengzhangqidi、buduandigongyingmiaomushengzhangsuoxuyangliao。
3．bozhongfangfa
zaishineihuowennuandiqu，keyuzaochun2yuebozhong。zaishiwaihuohanlengdiqu，yibanzai3yueturangjiedonghoubozhong。bozhongqiankeyong40℃yixiawenshuijiangzhongzijinpao12－24h,shiqixizushuifen,jiakuaizhongzimengyasudu,bingkeshichumiaozhengqi。
genjuzhongzhizheyumiaomudebutong，kecaiyongbutongdebozhongfangfa。ruguozhongzhizhezhunbeizaiyoumiaoqichushouzhongmiaohuofenchuangyizhi，kecaiyongsabofa，jizaimiaochuangshangquanmianjunyundijinxingbozhong。sabokeyichongfenliyongtudi，bozhongmiduda，miaomufenbujiaojunyun，danweimianjichanmiaolianggao。qiquedianshiyoumiaoliuchuangshijianduan，zhongzhizhebixuzuohaoyizhizhunbei。ruguozhongzhizhebuzhunbeichushouzhongmiaohuobuzhunbeidangnianyizhi，kecaiqutiaobofa，jizaimiaochuangshanganyidingjulikaigou，jiangzhongzijunyunsazaigounei。yibantiaokuan5cm，tiaoju25cm，bozhonggoushen1.5－2.0cm，zhongziboxiahaofutu1－2cm，bingjiaotoushui。miaochuangshangjiagaiyicengdaocaoyibaochimiaochuangshidu，yihougenjuzhongzichutudexianhoucaiqufencijiecao。
二、苗木抚育管理技术
1．chumiaoqifuyuguanli
congbozhonghouyoumiaochutudaonengdulijinxingyingyangshengzhangweizhi，zheiyishiqichengweichumiaoqi。lechanghanxiaobozhonghou20－30djiukemengfa，chumiaoqichixu15－20dzuoyou。zheiyishiqiyoumiaoshifennenruo，genxifenbuhenqian，kangxingruo。yumiaodeguanjianshiyaoweizhongzifayaheyoumiaochututigonglianghaodehuanjingtiaojian，manzuzhongzifayasuoxudeshuifenhetongqitiaojian。danmiaochuangbukeguoshihuojishui，ruguoshuifenguoduohuizaochengtongqibuliang，yingxiangzhongzifayu，bingzaochengzhongzifulan。zheishidenenmiaoshangbunengzixingzhizaoyingyangwuzhi，qiyingyanglaiyuanzhuyaoshizhongzisuozhucundeyingyangwuzhi，buxuyaoshifei。
2．youmiaoqifuyuguanli
lechanghanxiaoyoumiaochutuhoudulijinxingyingyangshengzhangkaishiwangshengshengzhangqiandeyiduanshiqi，chengweiyoumiaoqi，chixushijianyuewei20d。zheiyishiqiyoumiaokaishichuxianzhenye，kaishidulijinxingguanghezuoyongzhizaoyoujiwuzhi，yepianshuliangzhujianzengda，genxishengzhangjiaokuai，chanshengcegen。cishimiaomurenghenyounen，duiwaijiebuliangtiaojiandikangnengliruo，siwanglvhengao。yaocaiqucuoshifangzhiganhan、shuilao、gaowen、diwendengbuliangxianxiang，shidangzheyin，jizaochucaosongtu，zhuyifangzhibingchonghai。youmiaoqiduiyangfendexuyaoliangbuduo，danruguonengshiliangzhuishixibodedan、linfei，zenengtigaomiaomuzhiliang。
zaochunbozhongdelechanghanxiao，youmiaoqiyibanchuyu4－5yue，cishideqihoutiaojianyouliang，bijiaoheshimiaomuyizhi。miaochuangshangsabodezhongmiaoxianyibijiaomi，xuzaizheiyishiqijinxingxiaoshouhuofenchuangyizhi。zaidatianmiaoputiaobodeyeyaoliyongyoulideqihoutiaojian，jishizuohaojianmiaohedingmiaogongzuo，liyongyibufenjianbayoumiaojinxingyizhihebumiao，taotailiemiao，diaojiemiaomumidu，baozhengdanweimianjideyidingchanliang，weipeiyuyouzhimiaomuchuangzaotiaojian。jianmiaohuohouxujinxingguangai，shisongdongledemiaomugenxiyuturangmiqiejiehe。
3．shengzhangshengqifuyuguanli
congmiaomugaoshengzhangliangdafudutigaokaishidaogaoshengzhangliangdafudujianshaoweizhi，shimiaomudeshengzhangshengqi。lechanghanxiaodeshengzhangshengqicong5yuezhongxunkaishidao10yuezhongxunzhi，qizhong5－7yuechuyouyishengzhanggaofeng，miaomugaodukeda20－25cm；7－8yuechuyuxiajigaowenganhanqi，shengzhanghuanman；9－10yueyouchuxianyigeshengzhanggaofeng，pingjungaodukezhangzhi30cmzuoyou。
lechanghanxiaoshengzhangshengqidemiaomufayuzhuangkuangjibenshangjuedinglemiaomuzhiliang。zheiyishiqimiaomushengzhangsudukuai，shengzhangliangda，gaodu,dijinghegenxideshengzhangdouhenwangshengqizhonggaoshengzhangzuiweimingxian，bingxingchengcezhi。qijianyingxiangmiaomushengzhangfayudewaijieyinzizhuyaoshiqiwen，turangshuifenheyangfen。yaojishidajianyinpengyifangyepianbeiqiangliedeyangguangzhuoshang。ganhanyanreshiyaojishiguangai，meijiduoyushiyaojishipailao，lechanghanxiao，jiturangjishui，rulaohaichixu1dyishang，huiyinqimiaomugaosiwanglv。lingwai，yaozuohaosongtu、chucao、fangzhibingchonghaidenggongzuo，chu7～8yuedeshengzhanghuanmanqiwai，qianhoulianggegaosushengzhangqiyingzhuifei，yimanzumiaomuwangshengshengzhangdexuyao。
4．shengzhanghouqifuyuguanli
shengzhanghouqicongmiaomuwangshengshengzhangjieduanguoquhoudaojinruxiumianweizhi。cishimiaomugaoshengzhanghuanmanbingzuizhongtingzhi，dancushengzhangrengjiangchixuyiduanshijian。miaomudedishanghedixiabufenzhihuachengduzengjia，duidiwenheganhandekangxingtigao。
zheiyishiqiyaotingzhiyiqiecujinmiaomushengzhangdecuoshi，ruzhuifei、guangai、chucao、songtudeng，fangzhimiaomutuzhangcujinmuzhihua，xingchengjianzhuangdedingya，tigaomiaomuyuedongnengli。lechanghanxiaodamiaokangdongnenglijiaoqiang，danyinianshengmiaokangdiwennenglijiaoruo，yishoushuangdong，xuyaoquyixiefanghanbaonuancuoshi，ruyongdaocao、maiganhuosuliaobomobamiaomufugaiqilai。
三、主要病虫害及其防治
fangzhimiaomubingchonghaiyingyiyufangweizhu，zuohaoturangjifugaiwudexiaodu，fangzhimiaochuangjishui，tigaoyumiaojishu，jiaqiangmiaopujingyingguanli。yidanfashengbingchonghaiyaojishiyongyaowuzhili。jingjinjinianguancha，lechanghanxiaoyumiaoqijianzhuyaoyoucudaobinghedilaohuweihai。
1．cudaobing
youchenglikubing，zhuyaofashengzaiyoumiaochutulianggeyuenei，huoyoumiaoqiyizhihoubangeyuenei。bingjunzigenbuqinru，chanshenghesebandian，bingbankuoda，chengshuizizhuang，zuzhihuaisi，bingbuxijunyichushimiaomuxunsudaofu。dangpudijishui、futuguohou、biaotubanjie、dibiaowenduguogaoshirongyifabing。fangzhishi，kepen0.5%boerduoyepenshemiaomujingye，penhouyongqingshuiximiao。
2．dilaohu
主要是夜蛾类或蝼蛄类的幼虫，白天潜伏土中，夜间出土活动，咬食未出土的种芽，或将幼苗从地面基部咬断，也会爬至苗木上部咬食嫩茎和幼芽，影响幼苗生长。防治时，要清除杂草，杀灭虫卵，防止杂草上的幼虫转移到幼苗上为害。早晨在苗圃地缺苗或断苗的周围，将土扒开捕捉幼虫；用90%敌百虫1000倍液或20%乐果乳油300倍液喷雾杀虫。
